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Bijon Chakraborty ¹, Suniti Bose ¹, Bimala Kinkar Kar ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Chittaranjan Hospital and Calcutta National Medical College, Calcutta, IN

Abstract

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Keywords

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Rimaljeet Kaur ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ¹, Gaurav Kumar Taggar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, IN
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, IN

Abstract

The potential of enzyme inhibitors against infestation of insects serves as attractive strategy for the management of devastating pests. In an effort to identify some effective and eco-friendly inhibitors of a damaging pest, Helicoverpa armigera, iron and zinc were found to be potent inhibitors of H. armigera α-amylase, which is an important digestive enzyme required for its survival. This observation motivated us to determine the status of iron and zinc in different pigeon pea genotypes in response to H. armigera herbivory. In general, there was significant decline in zinc content in developing seeds and pod wall after herbivory. However, zinc content was significantly higher in moderately resistant genotypes than moderately susceptible genotypes in infested developing seeds. Significant accumulation of iron was also observed in developing seeds of moderately resistant and intermediate genotypes after the pod borer attack. Higher content of zinc in pod wall of moderately resistant genotypes could determine their resistibility status against H. armigera herbivory.

Keywords

Helicoverpa armigera, Iron, Pigeon Pea, Zinc.

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P. K. Singh ¹, Jai Singh ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ¹, Seema Chaudhary ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Khandari Campus, Dr.Bhim Rao Ambedkar University, Agra-282002, IN

Abstract

Arsenic may cause variation in tissues which affect histopathology of reproductive organs. The aim was to investigate the morphological and anatomical changes in structure of testis. In the present study, twenty male albino rats divided into four groups of five rats each. Distilled water and arsenic water were administrated orally to control and experimental groups for 7, 14, and 21 days respectively. The body weight, organ weight, sperm count, sperm motility and sperm sluggish motility were decreased significantly compared with control. The histopathological observations of testes after 7, 14 and 21 days of ground water arsenic treatment of rat showed some predominant change in the structure of testis. There are atrophic changes in testis due to degenerative changes in spermatogenic and leydig cells. The above results confirm the toxic effect of arsenic in testis of albino rats.

Keywords

Arsenic, Organ Weight, Sperm Count, Sperm Motility and Sperm Sluggish.

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Priyanka J. Sawant ¹, Bharati S. Shetty ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ²

Affiliations
1 Walchand College of Engg., Sangli (MH), IN
2 CDAC, Pune (MH), IN

Abstract

Traffic generation is the process of creating packets and injecting it in the network in a controlled way. Traffic generator tools are used for realistic replication of internet workload, to evaluate the network performance, for testing of networks. Various traffic generator tools are available today some of them work to generate only malicious traffic. Malicious traffic is nothing but the traffic anomalies that occur to the network packets. Such traffic generators could be used to create various attack models, for testing of network intrusion detection tools. In this paper we have described one such malicious traffic generator tool with ability to replay pcap files.

Keywords

Malicious Data, Replay, Traffic Generator, Tuning.

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K. C. Gupta ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ², Rani Saxena ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Agronomy, Shahid Captain Ripudaman Singh Government College, Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Division of Argonomy, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute (S.K.N.A.U.), Durgapura, Jaipur (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

A field experiments was conducted for two consecutive Kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013 at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur to study the effect of weed management practices on cowpea under rainfed conditions. Results revealed that application of imazethapyr + imazemox @ 40 g ai/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded lowest dry weight of both monocot and dicot weeds with highest weed control efficiency (84.8%). However, maximum seed yield (9.04 q/ha), net returns (Rs. 24718/ ha) and B:C ratio (3.46) was obtained under application of imazethapyr @ 40 g/ha at 20 DAS.

Keywords

Cowpea, Resource Management, Pod Yield, B : C Ratio.

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G. Vinay Kumar ¹, Anil V. Kulkarni ², Anil Kumar Gupta ³, Parmanand Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Cryosphere Science Division, ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa 403 804, IN
2 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, CAOS, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Dr Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University-RC, Bengaluru 560 056, IN

Abstract

Himalayan glaciers, which contribute to water security for almost 1.3 billion people in Asia, are now under threat due to climate change. Assessment of glacier mass balance changes is crucial to determine the implications of climate change, but in situ measurements are limited due to rugged terrain and harsh climate of the Himalaya. Remote sensing-based geodetic method is therefore important for studying the evolution of Himalayan glaciers at a large scale. In this study, the mass balance of glaciers located in Baspa basin (Western Himalaya) is estimated for a period of 11 years between 2000 and 2011, using geodetic method. Out of 89 glaciers in the basin, 42 glaciers (greater than 1 km²) covering an area of ~72% (215 km²) of the total glaciated area were selected for the study. A mean thinning of ~50 ± 11 m and mean accumulation of ~35 ± 11 m was observed during the study period, with the cumulative mass balance varying between -36.9 ± 1.98 and 6.47 ± 1.98 m.w.e. A mean annual mass loss of -1.09 ± 0.32 m.w.e.a^-1 was observed for the entire basin, suggesting that the glaciers in Baspa basin are losing mass at higher rate compared to the glaciers in central and eastern Himalayas. This study demonstrates the utility of geodetic method to estimate mass balance of glaciers at basin scale, which will be useful to assess future changes in glacial extent and stream run-off.

Keywords

Baspa Basin, Geodetic Method, Mass Balance, Western Himalaya.

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Fayaz Ahmad Khan ¹, Dibya Jyoti Bora ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Barkatullah University, Bhopal – 462026, Madhya Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Development of an efficient test suite minimization approach in order to reduce the size of a previously acquired test suite and produce a new representative suite which will guarantee the same requirement coverage that was achieved before minimization for an effective and efficient regression testing. Method: Test suite minimizations techniques try to reduce the size and redundancy of test suite by removing certain test cases since requirement covered by them are already covered by other test cases. But, it has been found that the acquired test cases after minimization severely lacks ability to achieve the desirable code coverage because the minimization was done based on a single test adequacy criteria. In this paper, we propose an efficient heuristic based test suite minimization algorithm which will reduce the size of the test suites with respective to multiple test adequacy criterions in order to preserve the fault detection effectiveness and code coverage characteristics of the final test suite. Findings: Our experimental results indicate that a significant percentage of reduction in the test suite size is achieved when the minimization is performed with respect to multiple test adequacy criterions. Our approach is unique compared to the existing approaches in the sense that, we carried out minimization based on multiple test adequacy criterions while most of the existing approaches usually take one or two criterions into consideration. The proposed approach is evaluated based on two well known software testing metrics; one indicate the percentage of reduction in test suite size and the second one indicate the percentage of code coverage achieved by the minimized test suite. Our experimental results indicate that a significant percentage of reduction in the size as well as significant code coverage characteristics is achieved when the minimization is done according to the proposed approach. Improvements: The important contribution of this study is that, it presents a novel and efficient test suite minimization technique that optimizes the test suite size based on multiple adequacy criterions.

Keywords

Regression Testing, Software Testing, Test Data Generation, Test Suite Minimization, Test Suite Selection and Data Clustering.

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Amarjeet ¹, Vineet Sharma ¹, Anil Kumar Gupta ², Arun Chakraborty ¹, Akshay Kumar Sagar ¹, Sakshi Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Centre for Ocean, River, Atmosphere and Land Sciences (CORAL), Indian, Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India – 721302., IN
2 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India – 721302., IN

Abstract

In this study, an analysis of the relationship of 500, 700, and 850 hPa geopotential heights (GpH) with vertically integrated moisture flux divergence is examined for two selected sets of years named Dry and Wet. First, a comparison of the four different datasets, ERA-5, JRA-55, NCEP/NCAR, and MERRA-2, is done to look out for the variations and trends of geopotential SS heights from 1980-2021 and to select the best dataset for the whole analysis. Though all the datasets provide more or less the same variations and trends (except NCEP/NCAR), only ERA-5 is chosen on basis of high spatial resolution (0.25° × 0.25°) data. From the rainfall data, the dry and wet years are selected based on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) criteria. The variations of the standardized anomaly of different GpH are examined with the vertically integrated moisture flux divergence (VIMFD) in the selected dry and wet years. All the GpH are found to depict the condition of the less (more) trough (low-pressure area) over central India and the Bay of Bengal (BB), coinciding with the less (more) convergence of vertically integrated moisture flux (VIMF) in JJAS season of dry (wet) years.

Keywords

Geopotential Heights (GpH), Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Divergence (VIMFD), Dry and Wet Years.

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